Direct discontinuous Galerkin method for potential magnetic field solutions

In this paper, we employ the direct discontinuous Galerkin (DDG) method for first time to extrapolate coronal potential magnetic field (PF) with source surface (SS) and call developed numerical model as DDG-PFSS solver. solver, Laplace’s equation is solved by means of time-dependent method, i.e., introducing a pseudo-time term into changing boundary value problem initial-boundary problem. The steady-state solution be solved. This formulation facilitates implementation DDG discretization. order validate test exact solution, which demonstrates effectiveness third-order accuracy Then apply it extrapolation field. We use integral GONG synoptic magnetogram Carrington rotation (CR) 2060 condition achieve global results such holes streamer belts derived from solver are in good agreement those obtained spherical harmonic expansion method. Also, based on Wang-Sheeley-Arge model, solar wind speed found basically capture structures high- low-speed streams observed at 1 AU. These suggest that can seen contribution methods obtaining solutions corona.